根据美国《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版,美国精神医学学会对现有精神疾病进行分类,其包括四百种疾病。另外,联合国世界卫生组织的《国际疾病与相关健康问题统计分类》也被广泛运用于治疗精神疾病及行为障碍。精神病学家及相关领域的专家质疑这种精神疾病的分类,且每一种《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》与《国际疾病与相关健康问题统计分类》尚存细微差异。现在的版本仍会更新变化,且新版本会包含新型精神疾病,并对原有数据进行重定义。
下表为主要流行的精神疾病。
A
精神失常(Aberration)
急性应激障碍(Acute stress disorder)
适应障碍(Adjustment disorder)
情感性精神病(Affective disorder )
广场恐惧症(Agoraphobia )
酗酒 和药物滥用(Alcoholism and substance abuse )
酒精和药物依赖(alcohol and substance dependence )
失忆症(Amnesia)
惧高症(Acrophobia)
焦虑症(Anxiety disorder)
心因性厌食症(Anorexia nervosa)
反社会人格障碍(Antisocial personality disorder)
亚斯伯格症候群(Asperger syndrome)
注意力不足过动症(Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder)
自闭症(Autism)
逃避性人格障碍(Avoidant personality disorder)
自噬 (Autophagia)
顺行性遗忘症 (Anterograde amnesia)
急性压力疾患 (acute stress disorder)
阿兹海默症 (Alzheimer's disease)
酒精性幻觉症 (Alcoholic hallucinosis)
酒精戒断症候群 (Alcohol withdrawal syndrome)
苯丙胺依赖 (Amphetamine dependence)
病觉缺失症 (Anosognosia)
天使人症侯群(Angelman syndrome)
B
丧恸(Bereavement)
恋兽癖(Bestiality)
藏书癖(Bibliomania)
暴食症(Binge eating disorder)
躁郁症(Bipolar disorder)
牛人并发症(Boanthropy syndrome)
躯体变形障碍(Body dysmorphic disorder)
边缘性人格障碍(Borderline personality disorder)
饮食失调症(Bulimia nervosa)
巴比妥酸依赖 (barbiturate dependence)
苯二氮䓬类药物戒断症候群(Benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome)
苯二氮䓬类药物成瘾 (Benzodiazepine dependence)
C猝倒(Cataplexy)
慢性抽动障碍(Chronic tic disorder)
儿童心理疾患(Childhood Disorder)
昼夜节律性睡眠障碍(Circadian rhythm sleep disorder)
品行障碍(Conduct disorder)
转化症(Conversion disorder)
性癔病(Conversion hysteria)
循环性精神病(Cyclothymia)
D谵妄(Delirium)
震颤性谵妄(Delirium Tremens)
妄想症(Delusional disorder)
依赖型人格违常(Dependent personality disorder)
失实症(Derealization)
抑郁症(Depression)
失智症 (Dementia)
破坏行为疾病(Disruptive behavior disorder)
解离性失忆症(Dissociative amnesia)
解离症(Dissociative disorder)
解离性障碍(Dissociative fugue)
人格分裂(Dissociative identity disorder,DID)
低落性情感疾患(Dysthymic disorder)
失读症 (Dyslexia)
人格解体 (Depersonalization disorder)
书写表达障碍 (Disorder of written expression)
唐氏综合症 (Down syndrome)
心境恶劣障碍 (Dysthymia)
E情绪障碍(Emotional disorder)
癫痫(Epilepsy)
裸露癖(Exhibitionism)
言语表达障碍(Expressive language disorder)
模仿言语(Echolalia)
被爱妄想症(Erotomania)
F女性性功能障碍(Female sexual dysfunction)
恋物癖(Fetishism)
恋足(Foot fetishism)
二联性精神病(Folie à deux)
摩擦癖(Frotteurism)
女性性高潮障碍 (Female orgasmic disorders)
神游状态 (Fugue state)
弗雷格利妄想综合症 (Fregoli delusion)
人为疾患 (Factitious disorder)
G刚塞综合征(Ganser syndrome)
性别焦虑(Gender dysphoria)
广泛性焦虑症(Generalized anxiety disorder)
一般适应综合症(General adaptation syndrome)
自大狂 (Grandiose delusions)
H表演型人格障碍(Histrionic personality disorder)
性欲减退(Hypoactive sexual desire disorder)
疑病症(Hypochondriasis)
歇斯底里(Hysteria)
亨丁顿舞蹈症 (Huntington's disease)
高功能自闭症 (High functioning autism)
迷幻剂持续感知障碍 (Hallucinogen persisting perception disorder)
轻度狂躁 (Hypomania)
I冲动控制失调(Impulse control disorder)
间歇性爆发性障碍(Intermittent explosive disorder)
失眠症(Insomnia)
J朱伯特氏症候群(Joubert syndrome)
K窃盗癖(Kleptomania)
科尔萨科夫氏症候群 (Korsakoff's syndrome)
克莱恩-莱文症候群 (Kleine–Levin syndrome)
L学习障碍(Learning disorders)
间隙性遗忘 (Lacunar amnesia)
M躁狂症(Mania)
男性勃起障碍(Male erectile disorder)
多重人格(Multiple personality disorder)
孟乔森症候群(Munchausen's syndrome)
代理型孟乔森症候群(Munchausen by proxy)
数学障碍(Mathematics disorder)
智能不足/学习障碍(Mental retardation/Learning disability)
莫吉隆斯症(Morgellons disease)
男性性高潮障碍 (Male orgasmic disorders)
装病 (Malingering)
恐音症 (Misophonia)
混合情感状态 (Mixed affective state)
情感障碍 (Mood disorder)
N自恋性人格异常(Narcissistic personality disorder)
猝睡症(Narcolepsy)
精神官能症(Neurosis)
神经过敏症(Neuroticism)
梦魇症(Nightmare disorder)
非语文学习障碍(Nonverbal learning disability)
神经发展疾患 (Neurodevelopmental disorder)
夜间进食症侯群 (Night eating syndrome)
异睡症 (Nightmare disorder)
O强迫症(Obsessive-compulsive disorder)
强迫型人格障碍(Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder)
梦呓性精神病(Oneirophrenia)
对立反抗性疾患(Oppositional defiant disorder)
性高潮障碍 (Orgasm disorders)
物质成瘾 (Opioid use disorder)
对立反抗症 (Oppositional defiant disorder)
健康食品痴迷症 (Orthorexia nervosa)
P疼痛障碍(Pain disorder)
恐慌症(Panic disorder)
偏执型人格障碍(Paranoid personality disorder)
性欲倒错(Paraphilias)
嗜睡症(Parasomnia)
病态赌博(Pathological gambling)
恋童癖(Pedophilia)
广泛性发展障碍(Pervasive Developmental Disorder)
异食癖(Pica)
创伤后压力心理障碍症(Posttraumatic stress disorder)
产后抑郁症(Postpartum depression)
早泄(Premature ejaculation)
原发性失眠(Primary insomnia)
纵火狂(Pyromania)
恐惧症(Phobia)
R学习障碍(Reading disorder)
蕾特氏症 (Retts disorder)
反刍综合症(Rumination disorder)
反应性依附疾患 (Reactive attachment disorder)
反复短暂抑郁 (Recurrent brief depression)
逆行性失忆症 (Retrograde amnesia)
S类精神分裂人格异常(Schizoid personality disorder)
思觉失调症(Schizophrenia)
分裂情感性障碍(Schizoaffective disorders)
分裂性人格障碍(Schizotypal personality disorder)
季节性情绪失调(Seasonal affective disorder)
分离焦虑症(Separation anxiety disorder)
自我伤害(Self-injury)
睡眠障碍(Sleep disorder)
夜惊(Sleep terror disorder)
梦游症(Sleepwalking disorder)
社交恐惧症(Social phobia )
体化症(Somatization disorder)
特殊性发育障碍(Specific developmental disorder)
特殊恐惧症(Specific phobia)
口吃(Stuttering)
斯德哥尔摩症候群(Stockholm syndrome)
性受虐失调 (Sexual masochism disorder)
性施虐症 (Sexual sadism disorder)
施虐癖 (Sadism)
物质使用疾患 (Substance-related disorder)
T妥瑞症(Tourette syndrome)
抽动障碍(Tic Disorder)
恋物性异装(Transvestic Fetishism)
拔毛癖(Trichotillomania)
V阴道痉挛(Vaginismus)
电玩成瘾症 (Video game addiction)